Chloroform

The Apicius manuscript (ca. 900 AD) of the monastery of Fulda in Germany, which was acquired in 1929 by the New York Academy of Medicine

Original Soviet space dog environmentally controlled safety module used on sub-orbital and orbital spaceflights

Queen Victoria inhaled chloroform on a handkerchief during her eighth childbirth in April 1853. Her royal endorsement silenced the clergy's objections overnight — they had argued pain in labor was God's design.